Restriction-modification (RM) systems are ubiquitous and are often considered primitive
immune systems in bacteria. Their diversity and prevalence across the prokaryotic kingdom …

This article continues the series of Surveys and Summaries on restriction endonucleases
(REases) begun this year in Nucleic Acids Research. Here we discuss 'Type II'REases, the …

The CRISPR/Cas adaptive immune system provides resistance against phages and
plasmids in Archaea and Bacteria. CRISPR loci integrate short DNA sequences from …

Numerous prokaryote genomes contain structures known as clustered regularly interspaced
short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs), composed of 25–50 bp repeats separated by unique …

The battle for survival between bacteria and bacteriophages (phages) is an arms race where
bacteria develop defenses to protect themselves from phages and phages evolve …

The genome packaging reactions of tailed bacteriophages and herpes viruses require the
activity of a terminase enzyme, which is comprised of large and small subunits. Phage …

DNA MTases (methyltransferases) catalyse the transfer of methyl groups to DNA from
AdoMet (S-adenosyl-l-methionine) producing AdoHcy (S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine) and …

Restriction endonucleases (REases) are highly specific DNA scissors that have facilitated
the development of modern molecular biology. Intensive studies of double strand (ds) …

For a very long time, Type II restriction enzymes (REases) have been a paradigm of
ORFans: proteins with no detectable similarity to each other and to any other protein in the …

The restriction enzyme R. BbvCI cleaves duplex DNA within a seven base-pair asymmetric
recognition sequence, thus: CCTCAGC/GCTGAGG→ CC^ TCAGC/GC^ TGAGG. We show …