Synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used for their anti-inflammatory and
immunosuppressive actions. A possible unwanted effect of glucocorticoid treatment is …

In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global healthcare
community has raced to find effective therapeutic agents against severe acute respiratory …

Background Persistent acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by
excessive fibroproliferation, ongoing inflammation, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and a …

The normal stress response in humans is governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA) axis through heightened mechanisms during stress, raising blood levels of the …

Glucocorticoids influence a wide array of metabolic, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive,
and cognitive signaling processes, playing an important role in homeostasis and …

The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis describes a complex set of positive and
negative feedback influences between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal …

The WHO announced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic disease
globally on March 11, 2020, after it emerged in China. The emergence of COVID-19 has …

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. They have pleiotropic
effects and contribute substantially to the maintenance of resting and stress-related …

The impacts of glucocorticoids (GCs) are mainly mediated by a nuclear receptor (GR)
existing in almost every tissue. The GR regulates a wide range of physiological functions …

Pre-clinical research advances our understanding of the vagus nerve-mediated regulation of
immunity and clinical trials successfully utilize electrical vagus nerve stimulation in the …