Background Despite common use of proprioceptive retraining interventions in people with
chronic, idiopathic neck pain, evidence that proprioceptive dysfunction exists in this …

Background Several studies in recent decades have examined the relationship between
proprioceptive deficits and neck pain. However, there is no uniform conclusion on the …

Study Design Clinical measurement, validity and intrarater reliability study. Objectives (1) To
confirm the validity and assess between-day test-retest reliability of cervical spine motion …

INTRODUCTION: The range of motion (ROM) in the wrist and elbow required for daily
activities has been reported to be less than the normal anatomic ROM. This functional ROM …

Background The aims of this study were to evaluate the construct validity (known group),
concurrent validity (criterion based) and test-retest (intra-rater) reliability of manual …

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature evaluating
the reliability and validity of all available methods for measuring active and passive cervical …

Background An accurate and reliable measurement of shoulder range of motion (ROM) is
important in the evaluation of the shoulder. A smartphone digital clinometer application is a …

Background Persistent whiplash associated disorders (WAD) have been associated with
alterations in kinesthetic sense and motor control. The evidence is however inconclusive …

Shoulder-related dysfunction affects individuals' ability to function independently and thus
decreases quality of life. Functional task assessment is a key concern for a clinician in …

There is little known about the specific manual therapy techniques used to treat painfully
limited shoulders and their effects on range of movement (ROM) and pressure pain …