Several fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) are invasive pests that damage the quality of
fruits in horticultural crops and cause significant value losses worldwide. Management of …

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are serious pests that affect fruit production and marketing.
Both third instar larvae and pupae are biological stages that persist in the soil until adult …

Most organisms are repeatedly exposed to oxidative stress from multiple sources throughout
their lifetimes, potentially affecting all aspects of organismal performance. Here we test …

Butterflies such as the atala hairstreak, Eumaeus atala Poey, and the frosted elfin,
Callophrys irus Godart, are restricted to frequently disturbed habitats where their larval host …

Hormesis occurs as a result of biphasic dose relationship resulting in stimulatory responses
at low doses and inhibitory ones at high doses. In this framework, environmental factors are …

The depth of the pupation is one of the important factors in the success of fruit flies to
become imago. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil depth on …

Oxygen is essential for most animals, and exposure to a complete lack of oxygen, ie anoxia,
can result in irreparable damage to cells that can extend up to the organismal level to …

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, 1808) and the Egyptian cotton leafworm,
S. littoralis (Boisduval, 1833), are amongst the most notorious agricultural pest species in …

In the life cycle of the oriental fruit fly where larvae reside within fruits and adults exhibit high
activity, the pupal stage occurs in the soil, closely tied to agricultural soil management. This …

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious
agricultural pest worldwide. However, population sources of S. exigua in outbreak regions …