The RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2 play a major role in pathogen
sensing of RNA virus infection to initiate and modulate antiviral immunity. The RLRs detect …

Our knowledge regarding the contribution of the innate immune system in recognizing and
subsequently initiating a host response to an invasion of RNA virus has been rapidly …

The mammalian innate immune system detects the presence of microbial infection through
germ line-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors, retinoic acid …

Viral infection triggers activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and IRF3, which
collaborate to induce type I interferons (IFNs) and elicit innate antiviral response. Here, we …

Research on innate immune signaling and regulation has recently focused on pathogen
recognition receptors (PRRs) and their signaling pathways. Members of PRRs sense …

The interferon (IFN) system is an extremely powerful antiviral response that is capable of
controlling most, if not all, virus infections in the absence of adaptive immunity. However …

Viral infection activates several transcription factors including NF-κB and IRF3, which
collaborate to induce type I interferons (IFNs) and innate antiviral response. MITA (also …

Immunity against microbial pathogens primarily depends on the recognition of pathogen
components by innate receptors expressed on immune and non-immune cells. Innate …

Viral infection is detected by cellular sensor molecules as foreign nucleic acids and initiates
innate antiviral responses, including the activation of proinflammatory cytokines and type I …

Virus infection elicits potent responses in all cells intended to contain virus spread before
intervention by the adaptive immune system. Central to this process is the virus-elicited …