Progress in optical manipulation has stimulated remarkable advances in a wide range of
fields, including materials science, robotics, medical engineering, and nanotechnology. This …

Artificial cells have attracted much attention as substitutes for natural cells. There are many
different forms of artificial cells with many different definitions. They can be integral biological …

Microfabricated integrated circuits revolutionized computation by vastly reducing the space,
labor, and time required for calculations. Microfluidic systems hold similar promise for the …

Assays for the molecular detection of nucleic acids are typically constrained by the level of
multiplexing (this is the case for the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and for …

This paper presents a reformulation of the submarine alkaline hydrothermal theory for the
emergence of life in response to recent experimental findings. The theory views life, like …

The miniaturization of biological and chemical analytical devices by micro-electro-
mechanical-systems (MEMS) technology has posed a vital influence on such fields as …

This article describes the state and the development of an artificial cell project. We discuss
the experimental constraints to synthesize the most elementary cell-sized compartment that …

The application of microfluidic devices for DNA amplification has recently been extensively
studied. Here, we review the important development of microfluidic polymerase chain …

We simulate molecular transport in elongated hydrothermal pore systems influenced by a
thermal gradient. We find extreme accumulation of molecules in a wide variety of plugged …

Building on the model of Russell and Hall for the emergence of life at a warm submarine
hydrothermal vent, we suggest that, within a hydrothermally formed system of contiguous …