For decades, we have presumed the death of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons are the
main cause of hearing loss and difficulties understanding speech in noise, but new findings …

Cholinergic efferent neurons originating in the brainstem innervate the acoustico-lateralis
organs (inner ear, lateral line) of vertebrates. These release acetylcholine (ACh) to inhibit …

Impaired synaptic plasticity is implicated in the functional decline of the nervous system
associated with ageing. Understanding the structure of ageing synapses is essential to …

Information flow through neural circuits is determined by the nature of the synapses linking
the subtypes of neurons. How neurons acquire features distinct to each synapse remains …

Hearing loss is a common age-associated affliction that can result from the loss of hair cells
and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlea. Although hair cells and SGNs are …

Cholesterol contributes to neuronal membrane integrity, supports membrane protein
clustering and function, and facilitates proper signal transduction. Extensive evidence has …

“Growing old” is the most common cause of hearing loss. Age-related hearing loss
(ARHL)(presbycusis) first affects the ability to understand speech in background noise, even …

Efferent innervation of the cochlea undergoes extensive modification early in development,
but it is unclear if efferent synapses are modified by age, hearing loss, or both. Structural …

Introduction Hearing loss is a major health problem, impacting education, communication,
interpersonal relationships, and mental health. Drugs that prevent or restore hearing are …

Developing sensory systems must coordinate the growth of neural circuitry spanning from
receptors in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) to multilayered networks within the central …