The intention of the current article is to review the epidemiology with related socioeconomic
costs, pathophysiology, and treatment options for diaphyseal long bone delayed unions and …

Non-union of bone following fracture is an orthopaedic condition with a high morbidity and
clinical burden. Despite its estimated global prevalence of nine million annually, the limit of …

Determining whether a bone fracture is healed is one of the most important and fundamental
clinical determinations made in orthopaedics. However, there are currently no standardized …

Introduction Non-union of long bones is a significant consequence of fracture treatment. The
ideal classification for non-union of long bones would give sufficient significant information …

Introduction Knowledge about the functional consequences of lower limb long bone
fractures is helpful to inform patients, clinicians and employers about their recovery process …

The purpose of this prospective randomised clinical study was to compare the efficacy of
recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 7 (rhBMP-7) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of differentiating into multilineage cells, thus
making them a significant prospect as a cell source for regenerative therapy; however, the …

The complexity of fracture repair makes it an ideal process for studying the interplay
between the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ level events involved in tissue …

Despite advances in biomedical research, fracture nonunion rates have remained stable
throughout the years. Long-bone fractures have a high likelihood of nonunion, but the …

Background Novel bone substitutes have challenged the notion of autologous bone grafting
as the 'gold standard'for the surgical treatment of fracture nonunions. The present study was …