Insects have evolved various types of antipredator defenses. For example, many insects
have evolved crypsis, and exhibit cryptic body colors and shapes for hiding from predators …

Aposematic coloration is commonly considered to signal unpalatability, yet animals
advertise malodour, spines, and weaponry as well as toxins, some of which can be seen at a …

Chemical defense is a widespread anti-predator strategy exhibited by organisms, with
individuals either synthesizing or extrinsically acquiring defensive chemicals. In some …

Insects avoid predation in various ways, and some use multiple ways to avoid predation.
However, the effects of comprehensive avoidance methods and the differences in avoidance …

Invasive non-native predators negatively affect native species; however, some native
species can survive the predation pressures of invasive species by using pre-existing …

Some animals have evolved chemical weapons to deter predators. Bombardier beetles
(Coleoptera: Carabidae: Brachininae: Brachinini) can eject toxic chemicals at temperatures …

Aggregations of conspecific animals are common and have been documented in most
phyla. Multispecies aggregations are less common and less well studied. Eight species of …

Simple Summary Cavernicolous ground beetles dwelling in China are one of the most
diverse and underground-adapted coleopteran group in the world. The tribe Trechini is …

In defensive mimicry, resemblance between unequally defended species can be parasitic;
this phenomenon has been termed quasi-Batesian mimicry. Few studies have used real co …

Many native insects have evolved defenses against native predators. However, their
defenses may not protect them from non-native predators due to a limited shared history …