The heart-rate dynamics are one of the most analyzed physiological interactions. Many
mathematical methods were proposed to evaluate heart-rate variability. These methods …

About 160 years ago, the concept of entropy was introduced in thermodynamics by Rudolf
Clausius. Since then, it has been continually extended, interpreted, and applied by …

Rationale, aims and objectives To evaluate obstetricians' inter‐and intra‐observer
agreement on intrapartum cardiotocogram (CTG) recordings and to examine obstetricians' …

Entropy and free-energy estimation are key in thermodynamic characterization of simulated
systems ranging from spin models through polymers, colloids, protein structure, and drug …

The analysis of fetal heart rate variability has served as a scientific and diagnostic tool to
quantify cardiac activity fluctuations, being good indicators of fetal well-being. Many …

Many people talk admiringly about the complexity of wine. However, it is often unclear what
exactly they have in mind when using the term. In this review, we summarize why the …

Background Viruses are among the shortest yet highly abundant species that harbor
minimal instructions to infect cells, adapt, multiply, and exist. However, with the current …

The artistic community is increasingly relying on automatic computational analysis for
authentication and classification of artistic paintings. In this paper, we identify hidden …

Obtaining a 3D medical visualization is a tedious process requiring several processing steps
(such as segmentation) and assigning various rendering parameters (such as color and …

A rich variety of nonequilibrium dynamical phenomena and processes unambiguously calls
for the development of general numerical techniques to probe and estimate a complex …