Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia that is
characterized by loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep (known as REM sleep without …

So-called idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD), formerly
seen as a rare parasomnia, is now recognized as the prodromal stage of an α …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly heterogeneous disorder, which probably consists of
multiple subtypes. Aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein and propagation of these …

Efforts to develop neuroprotective therapy for Parkinson disease (PD) are focusing on the
early stages of disease, which offer the best opportunity to intervene. Early PD can be …

Background Accumulating evidence suggests that α-synuclein aggregates—a defining
pathology of Parkinson's disease—display cell-to-cell transmission. α-synuclein aggregation …

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder
associated with a loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Despite symptomatic therapies, there …

The differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes is considered one of the most
challenging in neurology and error rates in the clinical diagnosis can be high even at …

The past decade has seen a dramatic expansion of the field of prodromal PD. Ten years
ago, there were only six known prodromal markers of disease, none of which had more than …

For generations, the evaluation of speech abnormalities in neurodegenerative disorders
such as Parkinson's disease (PD) has been limited to perceptual tests or user-controlled …

The globus pallidus externa (GPe) functions as a central hub in the basal ganglia for
processing motor and non-motor information through the creation of complex connections …