Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and debilitating chronic disease that affects more
than six million people worldwide, with rising prevalence. The hallmarks of PD are motor …

In Parkinson's disease (PD), neurotoxic microglia, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells are
overactivated. Overactivation of these immune cells exacerbates the disease process and …

During Parkinson's disease (PD), both the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral
nervous system (PNS) are affected. In parallel, innate immune cells respond early to …

Our understanding of the role of innate and adaptive immune cell function in brain health
and how it goes awry during aging and neurodegenerative diseases is still in its infancy …

CD8+ lymphocytes are adaptive immunity cells with the particular function to directly kill the
target cell following antigen recognition in the context of MHC class I. In addition, CD8+ T …

Dysfunctions in the immune system appear implicated in both disease onset and
progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurodegeneration observed in the brain of PD …

Parkinson's disease is characterized neuropathologically by the degeneration of
dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain, the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) …

Tissue-resident memory CD8 T cells are responsible for local immune surveillance in
different tissues, including the brain. They constitute the first line of defense against …

The contribution of the cells within the central nervous system (CNS) toward adaptive
immune responses is emerging and incompletely understood. Recent findings indicate …

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, are
devastating complex diseases resulting in physical and psychological burdens on patients …