Gold has been considered a safe return investment because of its characteristic to hedge
against inflation. As a result, the models to forecast gold must reflect its structure and pattern …

ABSTRACT Support Vector Machine has appeared as an active study in machine learning
community and extensively used in various fields including in prediction, pattern recognition …

Gold price prediction has long been a crucial and challenging research topic for gold
investors. In conventional models, most scholars have used the historical gold price or …

Presently, China is the largest CO2 emitting country in the world, which accounts for 28% of
the CO2 emissions globally. China's CO2 emission reduction has a direct impact on global …

The importance of optimizing machine learning control parameters has motivated
researchers to investigate for proficient optimization techniques. In this study, a Swarm …

The importance of optimizing Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM) embedded
control parameters has motivated researchers to search for proficient optimization …

This paper presents a hybrid forecasting model namely Grey Wolf Optimizer-Least Squares
Support Vector Machines (GWO-LSSVM). In this study, a great deal of attention was paid in …

Parameter tuning of Leas Squares Support Vector Machines (LSSVM) hyper-parameters,
namely regularization parameter and kernel parameters plays a crucial role in obtaining a …

Time series analysis has a long tradition in economics. The foundations of the current time
series analysis, focusing on modelling of the development of one time series, were laid in …

Cost function estimation is vital for decision-making in project management. In this article, a
novel cost estimator is investigated based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system …