Compared with the animal kingdom, fertilization is particularly complex in flowering plants
(angiosperms). Sperm cells of angiosperms have lost their motility and require transportation …

Cell-cell fusion is essential for fertilization and organ development. Dedicated proteins
known as fusogens are responsible for mediating membrane fusion. However, until recently …

Sexual reproduction is almost universal in eukaryotic life and involves the fusion of male and
female haploid gametes into a diploid cell. The sperm-restricted single-pass transmembrane …

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of two gametes of opposite sex. Although the sperm-
expressed fusogen HAPLESS 2 (HAP2) or GENERATIVE CELL SPECIFIC 1 (GCS1) plays a …

Leishmania are protozoan parasites transmitted by the bite of sand fly vectors producing a
wide spectrum of diseases in their mammalian hosts. These diverse clinical outcomes are …

Cell–cell fusion is inherent to sexual reproduction. Loss of HAPLESS 2/GENERATIVE CELL
SPECIFIC 1 (HAP2/GCS1) proteins results in gamete fusion failure in diverse organisms, but …

Sexual reproduction consists of genome reduction by meiosis and subsequent gamete
fusion. The presence of genes homologous to eukaryotic meiotic genes in archaea and …

The conserved transmembrane protein, HAP2/GCS1, has been linked to fertility in a wide
range of taxa and is hypothesized to be an ancient gamete fusogen. Using template-based …

Molecular cascades of calcium homeostasis and signalling (Ca 2+ pumps, channels, cation
exchangers, and Ca 2+-binding proteins) emerged in prokaryotes and further developed at …

Research in angiosperm sexual reproduction is among the most classical botanical studies
with a rich knowledge base. The introduction of molecular tools since the late 1970s …