Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern. Currently, the greatest
mortality due to AMR is in Africa. A key driver continues to be high levels of dispensing of …

Antibiotics are recognized widely for their benefits when used appropriately. However, they
are often used inappropriately despite the importance of responsible use within good clinical …

There are serious concerns with rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across countries
increasing morbidity, mortality and costs. These concerns have resulted in a plethora of …

In low-income countries, the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) without
laboratory confirmation is very common, especially in primary health facilities. This scenario …

Background Poverty is a proposed driver of antimicrobial resistance, influencing
inappropriate antibiotic use in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). However …

Introduction Some evidence suggests that knowledge and attitudes towards rational
antibiotic use influences dispensing practice in community drug retail outlets. However …

Antibiotic use in animal agriculture contributes significantly to antibiotic use globally and is a
key driver of the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. It is becoming increasingly important to …

Background: One of the key drivers for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial
resistance (AMR) is non-prudent antibiotic use, which results in selection pressure toward …

Background Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is a key factor increasing antimicrobial
resistance, a major global public health problem including in South Africa. Key drivers …

Background and objectives: There are concerns with the current prescribing practices of
antibiotics in ambulatory care in Tanzania, including both the public and private sectors …