Triply periodic minimal surface structures and related geometries are widely identified in
many natural systems, such as biological membranes and biophotonic structures in butterfly …

Liquid crystals play an important role in biology because the combination of order and
mobility is a basic requirement for self-organisation and structure formation in living systems …

The ability to control light direction with tailored precision via facile means is long‐desired in
science and industry. With the advances in optics, a periodic structure called diffraction …

Magnetic fluids may be classified as ferrofluids (FF), which are colloidal suspensions of very
fine (~ 10 nm) magnetic particles, and magnetorheological fluids, which are suspensions of …

Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs), that is, ionic liquids exhibiting mesomorphism, liquid crystalline
phases, and anisotropic properties, have received intense attention in the past years …

The introduction of chirality, ie, the lack of mirror symmetry, has a profound effect on liquid
crystals, not only on the molecular scale but also on the supermolecular scale and phase. I …

Revolutionary developments in the fabrication of nanosized particles have created
enormous expectations in the last few years for the use of such materials in areas such as …

Liquid crystals are an integral part of a mature display technology, also establishing
themselves in other applications, such as spatial light modulators, telecommunication …

The lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal phase developed by suspensions of cellulose
nanocrystals (CNCs) has come increasingly into focus from numerous directions over the …

This paper presents an overview of liquid crystal (LC) models of phase diagrams, phase
transitions, self-assembly, interfaces, defects, and rheology and their integrated applications …