Compared with traditional exercise tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides
a thorough assessment of exercise integrative physiology involving the pulmonary …

Background: Diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is
challenging in euvolemic patients with dyspnea, and no evidence-based criteria are …

In the present practice review, we will explain how to perform and interpret a
cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in heart failure patients. Specifically, we will explain …

Background Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) affects tens of
millions worldwide; the causes of exertional intolerance are poorly understood. The ME/CFS …

Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with functional impairment and
cardiac events, particularly heart failure (HF). However, the factors predisposing women to …

Exertional dyspnea is a common complaint for patients seen in pulmonary, cardiac, and
general medicine clinics, and elucidating the cause is often challenging, particularly when …

Aerobic, or endurance, exercise is an energy requiring process supported primarily by
energy from oxidative adenosine triphosphate synthesis. The consumption of oxygen and …

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) remains poorly understood and, consequently,
largely underused in respiratory medicine. In addition to a widespread lack of knowledge of …

Abstract Background Several microRNAs (miRNA) have been associated with hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy (HCM), but studies differ regarding methods employed. In an attempt to …

Dyspnoea or breathlessness is a common presenting symptom among patients attending
primary care services. This review aimed to determine whether there are clinical tools that …