The giant, short-faced hyena Pachycrocuta brevirostris was the largest Hyaenidae ever
existed and the one that perfectly embodied the distinctive bone-cracking adaptations of this …

Abstract The study of European Pleistocene Hippopotamus presents unresolved questions
and a lack of consensus among specialists being matter of hotly debate in the last decades …

Abstract The Early Pleistocene archeological site of Fuente Nueva-3 (FN3) preserves some
of the oldest evidence of hominin presence in Western Europe, including a huge …

This work presents a comprehensive review of the Quaternary fossil records of
hippopotamuses from the Iberian Peninsula, unveiling biogeographical insights of global …

The renowned site of Dmanisi in Georgia, southern Caucasus (ca. 1.8 Ma) yielded the
earliest direct evidence of hominin presence out of Africa. In this paper, we report on the first …

The “Wolf event” is a prominent concept in large mammal biochronology of western Europe.
It was defined in the 1980s as an intercontinental “dispersal event”, best represented by the …

The giant short-faced hyena, Pachycrocuta brevirostris, was the largest and most
spectacular bone-cracking hyena that ever existed. Although already extinct long ago, it was …

This study investigates the community structure, dynamics and evolution of the guilds of
large carnivorans during the Pleistocene of Europe. Emphasis is given to important …

With an age of∼ 1.4 Ma, the Early Pleistocene archaeopaleontological sites of Barranco
León and Fuente Nueva-3 (Orce, Baza Basin, SE Spain) provide the oldest evidence on …

Abstract The Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition (EMPT)(ca. 1.4–0.4 Ma) represents a
fundamental transformation in the Earth's climate state, starting at 1.4 Ma with a progressive …