Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for
poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell …

Chemoresistance is a major factor driving tumour relapse and the high rates of cancer-
related deaths. Understanding how cancer cells overcome chemotherapy-induced cell …

Assays for cancer diagnosis via the analysis of biomarkers on circulating extracellular
vesicles (EVs) typically have lengthy sample workups, limited throughput or insufficient …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastric cancer (GC) is a heterogeneous disease comprising
multiple subtypes that have distinct biological properties and effects in patients. We sought …

The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis, despite the limitations of the currently available
models and assays, has ushered in a new era of excitement in cancer research. The …

Malignant tumours consist of heterogeneous populations of tumour cells. Cancer stem cells
(CSC) represent a population of cells within a tumour with highly tumorigenic and …

Although chemotherapy is an important therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, it fails to
eliminate all tumor cells due to intrinsic or acquired drug resistance, which is the most …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine that regulates
mammalian development, differentiation, and homeostasis in essentially all cell types and …

Cancer stem cells are the cancer cells that have abilities to self-renew, differentiate into
defined progenies, and initiate and maintain tumor growth. They also contribute to cancer …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and lethal cancers
worldwide. It is a multistep process that requires the accumulation of genetic/epigenetic …