The application of wearable sensors in domains related to healthcare systems, human
motion detection, robotics, and human–machine interactions has attracted significant …

With the development of advanced biomedical theragnosis and bioengineering tools, smart
and soft responsive microstructures and nanostructures have emerged. These structures …

Untethered small-scale machines (USSMs) that can actively adjust their motion,
deformation, and collective states in response to external stimuli have gained enormous …

Untethered robots in the size range of micro/nano-scale offer unprecedented access to hard-
to-reach areas of the body. In these challenging environments, autonomous task completion …

Microscale organisms and specialized motile cells use protein-based spring-like responsive
structures to sense, grasp and move. Rendering this biomechanical transduction …

Microrobots are being explored for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, biological
cargo transport, and minimally invasive surgery. However, current efforts largely focus on …

The past decade has seen an upsurge in the development of small‐scale magnetic robots
for various biomedical applications. However, many of the reported designs comprise …

Recent strides in the development of untethered miniature robots have shown the
advantages of diverse actuation methods, flexible maneuverability, and precise locomotion …

Robotics applications in facial plastic surgery has been practical and observed to have
benefits. For instance, minimal invasiveness, small number of incisions, less blood loss …

The integration of microorganisms and engineered artificial components has shown
considerable promise for creating biohybrid microrobots. The unique features of microalgae …