Context Invited update on the management of systemic autoimmune Graves disease (GD)
and associated Graves orbitopathy (GO). Evidence acquisition Guidelines, pertinent original …

Background Thyroid dysfunction has been observed in patients with COVID-19, and
endocrinologists are requested to understand this clinical issue. Pandemic-related …

Graves' disease (GD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by the infiltration of
thyroid antigen-specific T cells into thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R) …

Hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease (GD) is a relatively rare disease in children.
Treatment options are the same as in adults-anti-thyroid drugs (ATD), radio-active iodine …

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a complex disease process presumed to
emerge from autoimmunity occurring in the thyroid gland, most frequently in Graves disease …

Context Gut bacteria can influence host immune responses but little is known about their
role in tolerance-loss mechanisms in Graves disease (GD; hyperthyroidism caused by …

Background: The treatment efficacy of antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy, radioactive iodine
(131I), or surgery for Graves' hyperthyroidism is well described. However, there are a few …

Purpose: Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is a serious complication of Graves orbitopathy
that can result in irreversible and profound visual loss. Controversy exists regarding the …

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab use for the treatment
of active steroid-resistant Graves' orbitopathy (GO). A retrospective longitudinal study was …

Context Scarce data exist regarding the relevance of stimulatory (TSAb) and blocking
(TBAb) thyrotropin receptor antibodies in the management of Graves disease (GD) …