Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still a pandemic, with a high
mortality rate in severe/critical cases. Therapies based on the Shenghuang Granule have …

Different therapeutically active ingredients, from plants, animals, and mineral sources, are
prescribed as traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). TCMs, from animal sources, are rich in …

Leeches are invertebrates that have a long history of application in the development of
human medicine in both the East and the West. This paper comprehensively analyzes and …

Ethnopharmacological relevance The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is
increasing worldwide. Despite significant improvements in novel targeted treatment agents …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) is
one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. Leech and centipede granules …

As diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and destructive microvascular
complications of diabetes mellitus, the goal of this study, therefore, was to investigate the …

Aims Anticoagulation in disease treatment has been wildly studied in recent years. The
intrinsic coagulation pathway is attracting attention of research community due to its low …

Scaffold-based peptides (SBPs) are fragments of large proteins that are characterized by
potent bioactivity, high thermostability, and low immunogenicity. Some SBPs have been …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most significant diseases that pose a threat
to human health. The innovative traditional Chinese medicine Tongxinluo Capsule …

In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of Panax notoginseng and leech
(PL) on renal fibrosis and explore the mechanisms underlying their actions. For this study …