The brain is a vital organ, susceptible to alterations under genetic influences and
environmental experiences. Social isolation (SI) acts as a stressor which results in …

The glutamate and dopamine hypotheses are leading theories of the pathoaetiology of
schizophrenia. Both were initially based on indirect evidence from pharmacological studies …

Dopamine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. The
revised dopamine hypothesis states that dopamine abnormalities in the mesolimbic and …

Developing reliable, predictive animal models for complex psychiatric disorders, such as
schizophrenia, is essential to increase our understanding of the neurobiological basis of the …

The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia has been one of the most enduring ideas in
psychiatry. Initially, the emphasis was on a role of hyperdopaminergia in the etiology of …

The first-line treatment for psychotic disorders remains antipsychotic drugs with receptor
antagonist properties at D2-like dopamine receptors. However, long-term administration of …

Histamine is a transmitter in the nervous system and a signaling molecule in the gut, the
skin, and the immune system. Histaminergic neurons in mammalian brain are located …

Exposing mammals to early-life adverse events, including maternal separation or social
isolation, profoundly affects brain development and adult behaviour and may contribute to …

This review updates the existing knowledge suggesting a role for the D3 receptor in
schizophrenia and drug addiction. The D3 receptor is expressed in brain regions controlling …

Diathesis-stress models of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders have dominated
theorizing about etiology for over three decades. More recently, with advances in our …