The multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), initially discovered from bone
marrow in 1976, have been identified in nearly all tissues of human body now. The …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is made up of cells and extracellular matrix (non-cellular
component), and cellular components include cancer cells and non-malignant cells such as …

Sarcomas are heterogeneous and clinically challenging soft tissue and bone cancers.
Although constituting only 1% of all human malignancies, sarcomas represent the second …

The high metabolic demand of cancer cells leads to an accumulation of H+ ions in the
tumour microenvironment. The disorganized tumour vasculature prevents an efficient wash …

The bone microenvironment is an ideal fertile soil for both primary and secondary tumors to
seed. The occurrence and development of osteosarcoma, as a primary bone tumor, is …

Cancer development is a complex process that follows an intricate scenario with a dynamic
interplay of selective and adaptive steps and an extensive cast of molecules and signaling …

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in adolescents. Its high
propensity to metastasize is the leading cause for treatment failure and poor prognosis …

Chemoresistance is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer and it continues to
be a challenge in cancer treatment. Chemoresistance is influenced by genetic and …

Tumor-initiating cells (TIC) are associated with tumor initiation, growth, metastasis, and
recurrence. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) is a TIC marker in many cancers …

CXCL1 is one of the most important chemokines, part of a group of chemotactic cytokines
involved in the development of many inflammatory diseases. It activates CXCR2 and, at high …