Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a globally-distributed agent responsible for numerous
clinical syndromes that lead to major economic losses. Two species, BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 …

Pestiviruses are among the economically most important pathogens of livestock. The biology
of these viruses is characterized by unique and interesting features that are both crucial for …

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a multifactorial condition where different genera of
bacteria, such as Mannheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, Pasteurella multocida, and …

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a significant pathogen that causes great economic
losses in the global livestock industry. During the long-term interactions between BVDV and …

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and includes two
biotypes in cell culture: cytopathic (CP) or non-cytopathic (NCP) effects. Ferroptosis is a non …

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important member of the family Flaviviridae and
often causes immunosuppression. Previous studies have suggested that BVDV envelope …

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) belongs to the Pestivirus genus, which is further divided
into subgenotypes (1a–1u and 2a–c). When persistent infection occurs, the calf will be …

Sulfonyl drugs are widely used to treat various types of diseases, in which sultones have
several desirable properties that have led to their increased use, including improving its …

Autophagy is a cellular process that maintains cellular homeostasis by the proteolytic
recycling of cytoplasm. Autophagy occurs at basal levels in almost all cells. It is upregulated …

Programs for control and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) are often
considered prudent when the expense of a control program within a specified time frame …