The analogy of mitochondria as powerhouses has expired. Mitochondria are living, dynamic,
maternally inherited, energy-transforming, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles that …

Abstract The KEAP1-NRF2-ARE signaling pathway plays a central role in mediating the
adaptive cellular stress response to oxidative and electrophilic chemicals. This canonical …

For many years, the dogma has been that insulin resistance precedes the development of
hyperinsulinemia. However, recent data suggest a reverse order and place …

Westernized populations are plagued by a plethora of chronic non-infectious degenerative
diseases, termed as “civilization diseases”, like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for the progression of cardiovascular diseases,
inflammations and tumors. However, the mechanisms of how ROS sense metabolic stress …

Mitochondrial production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide is potentially important in
cell signaling and disease. Eleven distinct mitochondrial sites that differ markedly in capacity …

Diabetes is one of the metabolic diseases marked by hyperglycemia and is often
accompanied by the occurrence of some complications. As a biomarker of oxidative stress …

Obesity, a social problem worldwide, is characterized by an increase in body weight that
results in excessive fat accumulation. Obesity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and …

Mitochondrial fusion, fission, and mitophagy form an essential axis of mitochondrial quality
control. However, quality control might not be the only task carried out by mitochondrial …

Cancer remains an elusive, highly complex disease and a global burden. Constant change
by acquired mutations and metabolic reprogramming contribute to the high inter-and …