The inherent complexity of biomedical systems is well recognized; they are multi-scale, multi-
science systems, bridging a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. This article reviews …

This review discusses the lattice Boltzmann–particle dynamics (LBPD) multiscale paradigm
for the simulation of complex states of flowing matter at the interface between physics …

Since the introduction of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of
obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), patient outcomes have progressively improved …

Neointimal hyperplasia, a process of smooth muscle cell re-growth, is the result of a natural
wound healing response of the injured artery after stent deployment. Excessive neointimal …

Computational models of mechanobiological systems have been widely used to provide
insight into these systems and also to predict their behaviour. In this context, vascular tissue …

Since their first introduction, stents have revolutionised the treatment of atherosclerosis;
however, the development of in-stent restenosis still remains the Achilles' heel of stent …

One way to restore physiological blood flow to occluded arteries involves the deformation of
plaque using an intravascular balloon and preventing elastic recoil using a stent …

Multiscale modelling and simulation typically entails coupling multiple simulation codes into
a single program. Doing this in an ad-hoc fashion tends to result in a tightly coupled, difficult …

The design of medical devices could be very much improved if robust tools were available
for computational simulation of tissue response to the presence of the implant. Such tools …

Purpose Coronary artery stenosis, or abnormal narrowing, is a widespread and potentially
fatal cardiac disease. After treatment by balloon angioplasty and stenting, restenosis may …