The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

The stimulation of deep brain structures has thus far only been possible with invasive
methods. Transcranial electrical temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel …

Significant evidence supports the view that dopamine shapes learning by encoding reward
prediction errors. However, it is unknown whether striatal targets receive tailored dopamine …

The mesolimbic dopamine system—which originates in the ventral tegmental area and
projects to the striatum—has been shown to be involved in the expression of sex-specific …

Dopaminergic neurons modulate neural circuits and behaviors via dopamine (DA) release
from expansive, long range axonal projections. The elaborate cytoarchitecture of these …

Axons of dopaminergic neurons innervate the striatum where they contribute to movement
and reinforcement learning. Past work has shown that striatal GABA tonically inhibits …

Neurotransmitters are considered as a fundamental regulator in the process of neuronal
growth, differentiation and survival. Parkinson's Disease (PD) occurs due to extensive …

Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder characterized by degeneration of midbrain
dopamine neurons, which results in numerous adaptations in basal ganglia circuits …

Regulation of axonal dopamine release by local microcircuitry is at the hub of several
biological processes that govern the timing and magnitude of signaling events in reward …

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) receive synaptic innervation from glutamatergic
and GABAergic axons and can be dynamically regulated by neural activity, resulting in …