Following large-scale roll-out of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa, the non-clinical
efficacy of antiretroviral therapy has received little attention. We aimed to systematically …

Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy that have revolutionized HIV disease
management, effective control of the HIV infection pandemic remains elusive. Beyond the …

Analysis of HIV drug resistance has identified sites on HIV target genes that convey
resistance to particular classes of agents. These data may be especially important in …

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the consequences of using clinicoimmunological
criteria to detect antiretroviral treatment (ART) failure and guide regimen switches in HIV …

Background. Emergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance
may limit the benefits of antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. The prevalence of …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors can be classified
into nucleoside and nonnucleoside RT inhibitors. Nucleoside RT inhibitors are converted to …

Most of the current knowledge on antiretroviral (ARV) drug development and resistance is
based on the study of subtype B of HIV-1, which only accounts for 10% of the worldwide HIV …

Background: The South African national antiretroviral therapy roll-out program is entering its
sixth year, with over 570,000 adults accessing treatment. HIV-1 drug resistance is a potential …

Background. Monitoring of antiretroviral treatment (ART) with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) viral loads, as recommended in industrialized countries, is rarely available in resource …

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of NRTI and NNRTI drug resistance mutations in
patients failing NNRTI-based ART in Southern Africa. Study design: We conducted a …