This review takes an inclusive approach to microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus
and cardiometabolic disease. In virtually every organ, dynamic interactions between the …

The vascular basement membrane contributes to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier
(BBB), which is formed by brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs). The BCECs receive …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the
pathological accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and neurofibrillary tangles …

Vascular permeability is a selective mechanism that maintains the exchange between
vessels, tissues, and organs. The regulation was mostly studied during the nineteenth …

Classically, the CNS is described as displaying immune privilege, as it shows attenuated
responses to challenge by alloantigen. However, the CNS does show local inflammation in …

There is an increasing prevalence of Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) worldwide, and
several studies have suggested that Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion (CCH) plays a critical …

End organ injury in diabetes mellitus (DM) is driven by microvascular compromise (including
diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy). Cognitive impairment is a well-known complication …

The past 20 years have resulted in unprecedented progress in understanding brain energy
metabolism and its role in health and disease. In this review, which was initiated at the 14th …

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) gives rise to one in five strokes worldwide and
constitutes a major source of cognitive decline in the elderly. SVD is known to occur in …

Pericytes, the mural cells of blood microvessels, regulate microvascular development and
function and have been implicated in many brain diseases. However, due to a paucity of …