Neonates have little immunological memory and a developing immune system, which
increases their vulnerability to infectious agents. Recent advances in the understanding of …

The human immune system comprises cellular and molecular components designed to
coordinately prevent infection while avoiding potentially harmful inflammation and …

Despite their obvious benefits, decades of research and hundreds of pre-clinical candidates,
only a handful of adjuvants are approved for prophylactic vaccination of humans. The slow …

Sepsis or serious infection within the first 4 weeks of life kills more than 1 million newborns
globally every year. 1 The attack rate for neonatal sepsis is variable (from< 1% to> 35% of …

Among the many areas being revolutionized by the recent introduction of culture-
independent microbial identification techniques is investigation of the relationship between …

Immunisation of the newborn represents a key global strategy in overcoming morbidity and
mortality due to infection in early life. Potential limitations, however, include poor …

Infection claims the lives of approximately 3000 neonates worldwide every day. 1 Preterm
newborns are the most affected because they exhibit the highest sepsisrelated morbidity …

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader should be able to:
Describe the subtypes of Toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonists and their effect on the different …

abstract Large-scale biodiversity loss and complex changes in social behaviors are altering
human microbial ecology. This is increasingly implicated in the global rise in inflammatory …

With emerging success in fighting off cancer, chronic infections, and autoimmune diseases,
immunotherapy has become a promising therapeutic approach compared to conventional …