The'silent epidemic'of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been placed in the spotlight as a result
of clinical investigations and popular press coverage of athletes and veterans with single or …

In accordance with the recommendations of, amongst others, the Surviving Sepsis
Campaign and the recently published European treatment guidelines for hospital-acquired …

The most recent European guidelines and task force reports on hospital-acquired
pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were published almost 10 …

Objective To update the 2008 consensus statements for the diagnosis and management of
critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in adult and pediatric patients …

The lungs were long thought to be sterile until technical advances uncovered the presence
of the lung microbial community. The microbiome of healthy lungs is mainly derived from the …

Sepsis and trauma cause inflammation and elevated susceptibility to hospital-acquired
pneumonia. As phagocytosis by macrophages plays a critical role in the control of bacteria …

Trauma remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Hemorrhagic shock and direct injury to
vital organs are responsible for early mortality whereas most delayed deaths are secondary …

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are caused by nosocomial pathogens. HAIs have
an immense impact not only on developing countries but also on highly developed parts of …

Background Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis has been suggested as an intermediate
process between tracheobronchial colonisation and ventilator-associated pneumonia in …

Background Sepsis occurs when an infection is complicated by organ failure. Sepsis may be
complicated by impaired corticosteroid metabolism. Thus, providing corticosteroids may …