Allopolyploidy involves hybridization and duplication of divergent parental genomes and
provides new avenues for gene expression. The expression levels of duplicated genes in …

Gene duplications have long been recognized as a contributor to the evolution of genes with
new functions. Multiple copies of genes can result from tandem duplication, from …

The evolution of land flora transformed the terrestrial environment. Land plants evolved from
an ancestral charophycean alga from which they inherited developmental, biochemical, and …

Background The sharp increase of plant genome and transcriptome data provide valuable
resources to investigate evolutionary consequences of gene duplication in a range of taxa …

A century ago experiments with the flowering plant Datura stramonium and the fruit fly
Drosophila melanogaster revealed that adding an extra chromosome to a karyotype was …

Gene duplications provide evolutionary potentials for generating novel functions, while
polyploidization or whole genome duplication (WGD) doubles the chromosomes initially and …

Adaptation to cool climates has occurred several times in different angiosperm groups.
Among them, Pooideae, the largest grass subfamily with∼ 3,900 species including wheat …

Spatial and temporal differences in ecological opportunity can result in disparity of net
species diversification rates and consequently uneven distribution of taxon richness across …

Acer truncatum (purpleblow maple) is a woody tree species that produces seeds with high
levels of valuable fatty acids (especially nervonic acid). However, the lack of a complete …

Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) have shaped the gene repertoire of many eukaryotic
lineages. The redundancy created by WGDs typically results in a phase of massive gene …