Microorganisms colonize various ecological niches in the human habitat, as they do in
nature. Predominant forms of multicellular communities called biofilms colonize human …

Significance: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), an important regulator of physiology and health, helps
resolve inflammation and promotes tissue repair in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent …

Itch is an unpleasant sensation that evokes a desire to scratch. The skin barrier is constantly
exposed to microbes and their products. However, the role of microbes in itch generation is …

Irregularly shaped microplastics (MPs) released from infant feeding bottles (PP-IFBs) may
exhibit increased cytotoxicity, in contrast to the commonly studied spherical MPs. This study …

Gut microbiota contain communities of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and Eukarya, and live as
biofilms. In health, these biofilms adhere to the intestinal mucus surface without contacting …

As highly organized consortia of bacteria, biofilms have long been implicated in aggravating
inflammation. However, our understanding regarding in vivo host-biofilm interactions in the …

Opioid-dependent immune-mediated analgesic effects have been broadly reported upon
inflammation. In preclinical mouse models of intestinal inflammatory diseases, the local …

Mucin O-linked glycans are important mediators of host-microbiota-pathogen interactions in
the gastrointestinal tract. The major component of intestinal mucus, the MUC2 mucin, is …

Objective Dietary therapies for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have received increasing
interest but predicting which patients will benefit remains a challenge due to a lack of …

Chronic wounds are difficult to treat due to the presence of biofilm which prevents wound
healing. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens found in chronic …