The discovery of vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) has revolutionized our
understanding of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during development and physiological …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes significant visual loss on a global scale. Treatments for the
vision-threatening complications of diabetic macular edema (DME) and proliferative diabetic …

The concept of diabetic retinopathy as a microvascular disease has evolved, in that it is now
considered a more complex diabetic complication in which neurodegeneration plays a …

Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequently occurring complication of diabetes mellitus and
remains a leading cause of vision loss globally. Its aetiology and pathology have been …

Purpose To review the current therapeutic options for the management of diabetic
retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) and examine the evidence for …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness. It has long been regarded as
vascular disease, but work in the past years has shown abnormalities also in the neural …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the leading causes of preventable blindness, has been
considered a microcirculatory disease of the retina. However, there is emerging evidence to …

There is a global diabetes epidemic correlating with an increase in obesity. This coincidence
may lead to a rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. There is also an as yet unexplained …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the common complications of diabetes, is the leading
cause of visual loss in working-age individuals in many industrialized countries. It has been …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a primary cause of visual impairment worldwide. Diabetes
mellitus may be associated with ophthalmoscopically nonvisible neurovascular damage that …