Macrophages help defend the host against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the major
cause of tuberculosis (TB). Once phagocytized, Mtb resists killing by macrophages …

Background Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that ranks among the top ten killers of
humans worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an etiological agent of tuberculosis. The …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can cause a latent infection that sometimes progresses to
clinically active tuberculosis (TB). Type I interferons (IFN‐I) have been implicated in initiating …

Abstract Type I interferons (IFN-I) are implicated in exacerbation of tuberculosis (TB), but the
mechanisms are unclear. Mouse macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis …

Background Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is defined as an immune response to
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that does not manifest clinically as active tuberculosis …

The diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is challenging due to the
existence of other medical conditions that mimic its symptoms and the lack of precise …

Neck and back pain may be noted like a first symptom in rare diseases: spinal cord ischemia
and spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF). Spinal cord ischemia is a rarer pathology …

Interferon-beta (IFN-β) 1a and glatiramer acetate (GA) are first-line therapies for multiple
sclerosis (MS) with immunomodulatory effects. We present a patient who developed …

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious-contagious disease caused by
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease can act acutely or in latent form as granuloma …

Objective: Rare disease Background: Reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a
recognized complication of immunosuppressive treatment. However, immunosuppressed …