Abstract Turner syndrome affects 25–50 per 100,000 females and can involve multiple
organs through all stages of life, necessitating multidisciplinary approach to care. Previous …

Turner syndrome (TS) is a condition in females missing the second sex chromosome (45, X)
or parts thereof. It is considered a rare genetic condition and is associated with a wide range …

Turner syndrome is a rare condition in women that is associated with either complete or
partial loss of one X chromosome, often in mosaic karyotypes. Turner syndrome is …

Despite their known importance in clinical medicine, differences based on sex and gender
are among the least studied factors affecting cancer susceptibility, progression, survival, and …

Although first identified over 70 years ago, Klinefelter syndrome (KS) continues to pose
substantial diagnostic challenges, as many patients are still misdiagnosed, or remain …

Abstract Background Knowledge about Klinefelter syndrome (KS) has increased
substantially since its first description almost 80 years ago. A variety of treatment options …

Cancer risk is modulated by hereditary and somatic mutations, exposures, age, sex, and
gender. The mechanisms by which sex and gender work alone and in combination with …

Sex chromosome abnormalities (SCAs) are characterized by gain or loss of entire sex
chromosomes or parts of sex chromosomes with the best‐known syndromes being Turner …

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most frequent chromosome disorder in males (1: 650
newborn males), defined by 47, XXY karyotype. The classical phenotype is that of a tall male …

Men are much more likely than women to develop bladder cancer (BCa), but the underlying
cause of this gender disparity remains poorly defined. Using sex-reversed mice, we show …