This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth
muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical …

BACKGROUND The defining feature of eukaryotic cells is the presence of membrane-bound
organelles of diverse kinds, each with specialized functions. Most organelles have multiple …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is of paramount importance to immunity. Regulated
increases in cytosolic and organellar Ca2+ concentrations in lymphocytes control complex …

Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential signaling molecule that controls a wide range of biological
functions. In the immune system, calcium signals play a central role in a variety of cellular …

Macroautophagy is a lysosomal degradative pathway or recycling process that maintains
cellular homeostasis. This autophagy involves a series of sequential processing events …

Salivary glands produce and secrete saliva, which is essential for maintaining oral health
and overall health. Understanding both the unique structure and physiological function of …

Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) are a major pathway for calcium signaling in
virtually all metozoan cells and serve a wide variety of functions ranging from gene …

Cellular Ca 2+ homeostasis is maintained through the integrated and coordinated function
of Ca 2+ transport molecules, Ca 2+ buffers and sensors. These molecules are associated …

Ion channels and transporters mediate the transport of charged ions across hydrophobic
lipid membranes. In immune cells, divalent cations such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc …

Ca2+ release‐activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels mediate a specific form of Ca2+ influx
called store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that contributes to the function of many cell types …