Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is vital for clean and renewable energy technologies,
which require no fossil fuel but catalysts. Platinum (Pt) is the best‐known catalyst for ORR …

Oxygen reduction and evolution reactions constitute the core process of many vital energy
storage or conversion techniques. However, the kinetic sluggishness of the oxygen redox …

Heteroatom-doped carbon materials (HDCMs) have been widely studied as some of the
most prominent material candidates for use in a wide range of applications, such as …

Active sites identification in metal-free carbon materials is crucial for developing practical
electrocatalysts, but resolving precise configuration of active site remains a challenge …

Heterogeneous catalysis plays an important role in modern industry. Exploring catalysts with
high efficiency, low-cost, and high stability is an important issue for the research of …

This review focuses on the formation and preparation of defects, the dynamic evolution
process of defects, and the influence of defect dynamic evolution on catalytic reactions. The …

Fluorinated graphene (FG), as an emerging member of the graphene derivatives family, has
attracted wide attention on account of its excellent performances and underlying …

Conspectus Owing to climate change and over-reliance on fossil fuels, the study and
development of sustainable energy is of essential importance in the next few decades. In …

Precise tuning of the chemical environment of neighboring atomic FeN4 sites is extremely
important for optimizing Fe–N–C catalysts to produce the fast oxygen reduction reaction …

Rationally designing an appropriate support plays significant roles in catalysis through
anchoring active sites firmly, enabling fast mass transport, and confining reaction fields …