Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease that involves pulmonary
vasoconstriction, small vessel obliteration, large vessel thickening and obstruction, and …

In chronic kidney disease, anemia and disordered iron homeostasis are prevalent and
associated with significant adverse consequences. In 2012, Kidney Disease: Improving …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that can
subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Emerging evidence …

Hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) are a promising
new class of orally administered drugs currently in late-stage global clinical development for …

Prolyl hydroxylase domain oxygen sensors are dioxygenases that regulate the activity of
hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which controls renal and hepatic erythropoietin production …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) describes heterogeneous population of patients with a mean
pulmonary arterial pressure> 20 mm Hg. Rarely, PH presents as a primary disorder but is …

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. During the development
of cardiovascular diseases, hypoxia plays a crucial role. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are …

Abstract MiR-21-5p is an anti-apoptotic miRNA known to mediate the protective effect of
mesenchymal stromal cell-secreted exosomes (MSC-Exo) against oxidative stress-induced …

Pulmonary vascular remodeling characterized by concentric wall thickening and intraluminal
obliteration is a major contributor to the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in patients …

Current treatment of anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) with erythropoiesis-stimulating
agents can lead to substantial hemoglobin oscillations above target range and high levels of …