The perpetuation of symbioses through host generations relies on symbiont transmission.
Horizontally transmitted symbionts are taken up from the environment anew by each host …

Insect heritable symbionts have proven to be ubiquitous, based on molecular screening of
various insect lineages. Recently, molecular and experimental approaches have yielded an …

For over 300 million years, insects have relied on symbiotic microbes for nutrition and
defence. However, it is unclear whether specific ecological conditions have repeatedly …

Many eukaryotes have obligate associations with microorganisms that are transmitted
directly between generations. A model for heritable symbiosis is the association of aphids, a …

As an obligatory parasite of humans, the body louse (Pediculus humanus humanus) is an
important vector for human diseases, including epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench …

Background Inherited bacteria have come to be recognised as important components of
arthropod biology. In addition to mutualistic symbioses, a range of other inherited bacteria …

Abstract Background The genus Arsenophonus is a group of symbiotic, mainly insect-
associated bacteria with rapidly increasing number of records. It is known from a broad …

Many insect groups depend on ancient obligate symbioses with bacteria that undergo long‐
term genomic degradation due to inactivation and loss of ancestral genes. Sap‐feeding …

Several arthropod taxa live exclusively on vertebrate blood. This food source lacks essential
metabolites required for the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, and as such, these …

We here present annotated lists of names of Candidatus taxa of prokaryotes with ranks
between subspecies and class, proposed between the mid-1990s, when the provisional …