Membrane microparticles are submicron fragments of membrane shed into extracellular
space from cells under conditions of stress/injury. They may be distinguished from other …

The terms microparticles (MPs) and microvesicles (MVs) refer to large extracellular vesicles
(EVs) generated from a broad spectrum of cells upon its activation or death by apoptosis …

Introduction Acute lung injury (ALI) is a lung disease characterized by inflammation and still
requires further drug development. Forsythiaside A as the active compound of Forsythiae …

Severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury (SAP-ALI) is a serious disease
associated with high mortality. Emodin has been applied to alleviate SAP-ALI; however, the …

Inflammatory lung responses are one of the characterized features in the pathogenesis of
many lung diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic …

BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in the development and
progression of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. Various human studies have …

Lung injury and inflammation are common characterizes in many pulmonary diseases.
Alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, and …

Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine that alleviates inflammation and obesity. The induction
of anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophage is facilitated for treatment of sepsis and associated …

The sudden outbreak of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected disease (COVID‐19), initiated from Wuhan,
China, has rapidly grown into a global pandemic. Emerging evidence has implicated …

The blood‐brain barrier (BBB) is a highly regulated interface that separates the peripheral
circulation and the brain. It plays a vital role in regulating the trafficking of solutes, fluid, and …