Tissue biopsy is the standard diagnostic procedure for cancers and also provides a material
for genotyping, which can assist in the targeted therapies of cancers. However, tissue biopsy …

Breast cancer starts as a local disease, but it can metastasize to the lymph nodes and distant
organs. At primary diagnosis, prognostic markers are used to assess whether the transition …

Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has been suggested as a cancer biomarker. Several
studies assessed the usefulness of quantitative and qualitative tumor-specific alterations of …

Metastatic disease is the culmination of cancer and its most common life-threatening
manifestation. The highly complex process by which cancer cells disseminate to and …

Abstract Changes in the status of DNA methylation are one of the most common molecular
alterations in human neoplasia. Because it is possible to detect these epigenetic alterations …

Diagnosing and screening for tumors through noninvasive means represent an important
paradigm shift in precision medicine. In contrast to tissue biopsy, detection of circulating …

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is present in various body fluids and originates mostly from blood
cells. In specific conditions, circulating cfDNA might be derived from tumours, donor organs …

OBJECTIVES: The presence of circulating DNA in plasma of patients with malignant
neoplasm has been a known fact for over 30 years. Since then, the concentration of free …

Epigenetics refers to a heritable change in the pattern of gene expression that is mediated
by a mechanism specifically not due to alterations in the primary nucleotide sequence. Well …

Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive disease with rapid invasion and early encasement
of blood vessels. Hence, levels of circulating nucleic acids and tumor-associated mutations …