Kelps are ecologically important primary producers and ecosystem engineers, and play a
central role in structuring nearshore temperate habitats. They play an important role in …

The brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are a group of multicellular heterokonts that are
ubiquitous in today's oceans. Large brown algae from multiple orders are the foundation to …

Antarctica has long been considered biologically isolated. Global warming will make parts of
Antarctica more habitable for invasive taxa, yet presumed barriers to dispersal—especially …

The flow of detritus between habitats is an important form of connectivity that affects regional
productivity and the spatial organization of marine ecosystems. Kelps form highly productive …

The largest seaweed, giant kelp (Macrocystis) is the fastest growing and most prolific of all
plants found on earth. Growing from the seafloor and extending along the ocean surface in …

Patterns of environmental spatial structure lie at the heart of the most fundamental and
familiar patterns of diversity on Earth. Antarctica contains some of the strongest …

Density-dependent processes play a key role in the spatial structuring of biodiversity.
Specifically, interrelated demographic processes, such as gene surfing, high-density …

Intraspecific genetic variability is critical for species adaptation and evolution and yet it is
generally overlooked in projections of the biological consequences of climate change. We …

Macroalgal communities in Australia and around the world store vast quantities of carbon in
their living biomass, but their prevalence of growing on hard substrata means that they have …

Aim To present a synthesis of past biogeographic analyses and a new approach based on
spatially explicit biodiversity information for the Antarctic region to identify biologically …