Background. The value of surgical staging and treatment of the axillary lymph nodes with
either surgery or radiotherapy in the initial management of patients with Stage I or II invasive …

The management of patients with carcinoma of the breast has changed more over the last
three decades than at any time since the radical mastectomy procedure was introduced into …

The upper part of the pectoralis major muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve,
whereas the lateral pectoral nerve supplies approximately the lower third of the muscle. The …

Infusion of the breast with a tumescent solution of dilute epinephrine hydrochloride in
lactated Ringer solution in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy allows the …

Presence or absence of lymph node metastases is the most accurate prognostic indicator in
breast cancer. Clinical examination is unreliable in detecting involved nodes. Formerly, CT …

Materials and Methods Of the 115 procedures, 13 were performed for clinically nonpalpable
invasive breast carcinoma, discovered by mammographic examination, while 102 were for …

目的探讨可手术浸润性乳腺癌患者经胸肌间入路清扫锁骨下淋巴结的可行性与安全性.
方法乳腺癌常规腋窝清扫术中经胸肌间入路分别牵开胸大肌与胸小肌, 保留胸前神经和胸肩峰 …

Mastectomy serves as the main surgical treatment for both invasive and in situ breast
carcinoma and large phyllodes tumors. It is associated with skin necrosis, seroma, and …

目的: 探讨乳癌根治新术式; 方法: 采用乳癌洞式仿根治术, 在保留胸大小肌的同时,
于紧靠胸锁关节处, 沿胸大肌锁骨部和胸骨部肌间沟打开一小洞, 直视下清扫尖组淋巴结及其 …

目的探讨乳腺癌Auchincloss 手术中经胸肌入路锁骨下淋巴结清扫的术式. 方法乳腺癌
Auchincloss 术式加用后颅凹牵开器经胸肌入路牵开胸大肌, 保留胸前神经和胸肩峰血管 …