Background Increased intracranial pressure has been shown to be strongly associated with
poor neurological outcomes and mortality for patients with acute traumatic brain injury …

Background: Mannitol and hypertonic saline are widely used to treat raised intracranial
pressure (ICP) after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the clinical superiority of one over the …

Objective In neurotrauma care, a better understanding of treatments after traumatic brain
injury (TBI) has led to a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality in this population. TBI …

Objectives: Describe the causes of increased intracranial pressure. Review the clinical
presentation of a patient with increased intracranial pressure. Summarize the treatment of …

Objective: Despite clinical use spanning 50+ years, questions remain concerning the
optimal use of mannitol. The published reviews with meta-analysis frequently focused on …

Objectives: Mannitol is a commonly used osmotherapy agent in raised intracranial pressure.
However, the side effects of mannitol are significant. In traumatic brain injury (adult and …

There is a controversy about the effects of hypertonic saline (HS) used for brain relaxation in
patients requiring craniotomies. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of …

Background Emergence delirium (ED) is a common phenomenon occurring in the recovery
period. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and …

Background: Osmotherapy is the frequently used for the treatment of intracranial pressure.
The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of equiosmolar solution of 3% hypertonic …

Despite the availability of effective antifungal therapy, cryptococcal meningoencephalitis
(CM) remains associated with elevated mortality. The spectrum of symptoms associated with …