Proteins at interfaces play important roles in cell biology, immunology, bioengineering, and
biomimetic material design. Many biological processes are based on interfacial protein …

Peptides and proteins are naturally chiral molecular systems so that sensing their structure
and conformation with chirality-based spectral methods is an obvious and long-used …

1. INTRODUCTION A fundamental understanding of chiral biomacromolecules at aqueous
interfaces is critical to studying a host of important phenomena in modern biology, chemistry …

Second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum frequency spectroscopy (SFS) have provided
unique opportunities to probe surfaces and interfaces. They have found broad applications …

Conspectus Chemists have long been fascinated by chirality, water, and interfaces, making
tremendous progress in each research area. However, the chemistry emerging from the …

Hypothesis The secondary structure of proteins affects their functionality and performance in
physiological environments or industrial applications. Change of the solution pH or the …

Sum-frequency-generation (SFG) vibration spectroscopy selectively detects
noncentrosymmetric vibrational modes in crystalline cellulose inside intact lignocellulose …

Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy has been developed into an
important technique to study surfaces and interfaces. It can probe buried interfaces in situ …

Many DNA-based technologies involve the immobilization of DNA and therefore require a
fundamental understanding of the DNA structure–function relationship at interfaces. We …

Characterizations of protein structures at interfaces are important in solving an array of
fundamental and engineering problems, including understanding transmembrane signal …