There have been many recent advances in the understanding of various aspects of the
physiology of gastric motility and gastric emptying. Earlier studies had discovered the …

Although the gastrointestinal (GI) tract possesses intrinsic neural plexuses that allow a
significant degree of autonomy over GI functions, the central nervous system (CNS) provides …

The locus coeruleus (LC) is the major noradrenergic nucleus of the brain, giving rise to
fibres innervating extensive areas throughout the neuraxis. Recent advances in …

The central noradrenergic neurone, like the peripheral sympathetic neurone, is
characterized by a diffusely arborizing terminal axonal network. The central neurones …

▪ Abstract Brainstem parasympathetic circuits that modulate digestive functions of the
stomach are comprised of afferent vagal fibers, neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius …

The C1 neurons reside in the rostral and intermediate portions of the ventrolateral medulla
(RVLM, IVLM). They use glutamate as a fast transmitter and synthesize catecholamines plus …

Central noradrenergic (NA) signaling is broadly implicated in behavioral and physiological
processes related to attention, arousal, motivation, learning and memory, and homeostasis …

Background & Aims In most patients with Parkinson's disease, gastrointestinal (GI)
dysfunctions, such as gastroparesis and constipation, are prodromal to the cardinal motor …

Neural circuits distributed within the brainstem, hypothalamus, and limbic forebrain interact
to control food intake and energy balance under normal day-to-day conditions, and in …

The dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) is pivotal in the regulation of upper
gastrointestinal functions, including motility and both gastric and pancreatic secretion. DMV …