Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the
cellular defense against toxic and oxidative insults through the expression of genes involved …

Cancer is the second biggest cause of death worldwide. Despite a number of studies being
conducted, the effective mechanism for treating cancer has not yet been fully understood …

Cellular Ca 2+ homeostasis is maintained through the integrated and coordinated function
of Ca 2+ transport molecules, Ca 2+ buffers and sensors. These molecules are associated …

ABSTRACT A switch from autophagy to apoptosis is implicated in chondrocytes during the
osteoarthritis (OA) progression with currently unknown mechanism (s). In this study we …

Tumors that express detectable levels of the product of the ESR1 gene (estrogen receptor-α;
ERα) represent the single largest molecular subtype of breast cancer. More women …

Curcumin, a yellow substance belonging to the polyphenols superfamily, is the active
component of turmeric, a common Indian spice, which is derived from the dried rhizome of …

Systems biology is an integrative discipline connecting the molecular components within a
single biological scale and also among different scales (eg cells, tissues and organ systems) …

C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), known also as DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 and
as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153 (GADD153), is induced in …

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a stress response activated by the accumulation of
unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its …

Abstract Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer accounts for approximately 75% of
all breast cancers. Endocrine therapies, including selective ER modulators (SERMs) …