Sex differences in autism spectrum disorder: diagnostic, neurobiological, and behavioral features

A Napolitano, S Schiavi, P La Rosa… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a
worldwide prevalence of about 1%, characterized by impairments in social interaction …

Why are autism spectrum conditions more prevalent in males?

S Baron-Cohen, MV Lombardo, B Auyeung… - PLoS …, 2011 - journals.plos.org
Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are much more common in males, a bias that may offer
clues to the etiology of this condition. Although the cause of this bias remains a mystery, we …

The androgen receptor gene mutations database: 2012 update

B Gottlieb, LK Beitel, A Nadarajah, M Paliouras… - Human …, 2012 - Wiley Online Library
The current version of the androgen receptor gene (AR) mutations database is described. A
major change to the database is that the nomenclature and numbering scheme now …

Endocrine disrupters: a review of some sources, effects, and mechanisms of actions on behaviour and neuroendocrine systems

C Frye, E Bo, G Calamandrei, L Calza… - Journal of …, 2012 - Wiley Online Library
Some environmental contaminants interact with hormones and may exert adverse
consequences as a result of their actions as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) …

Variation in the β-endorphin, oxytocin, and dopamine receptor genes is associated with different dimensions of human sociality

E Pearce, R Wlodarski, A Machin… - Proceedings of the …, 2017 - National Acad Sciences
There is growing evidence that the number and quality of social relationships have
substantial impacts on health, well-being, and longevity, and, at least in animals, on …

Etiologies underlying sex differences in autism spectrum disorders

SM Schaafsma, DW Pfaff - Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2014 - Elsevier
The male predominance of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is one of the best-known, and
at the same time, one of the least understood characteristics of these disorders. In this paper …

Sex-specific serum biomarker patterns in adults with Asperger's syndrome

E Schwarz, PC Guest, H Rahmoune, L Wang… - Molecular …, 2011 - nature.com
Autism spectrum conditions have been hypothesized to be an exaggeration of normal male
low-empathizing and high-systemizing behaviors. We tested this hypothesis at the molecular …

Dysregulation of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), aromatase (CYP19A1), and ER co-activators in the middle frontal gyrus of autism spectrum disorder subjects

A Crider, R Thakkar, AO Ahmed, A Pillai - Molecular autism, 2014 - Springer
Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are much more common in males than in
females. Molecular alterations within the estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathway may …

Decoding the contribution of dopaminergic genes and pathways to autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

M Nguyen, A Roth, EJ Kyzar, MK Poudel… - Neurochemistry …, 2014 - Elsevier
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a debilitating brain illness causing social deficits, delayed
development and repetitive behaviors. ASD is a heritable neurodevelopmental disorder with …

The role of androgens and estrogens in social interactions and social cognition

D Aspesi, N Bass, M Kavaliers, E Choleris - Neuroscience, 2023 - Elsevier
Gonadal hormones are becoming increasingly recognized for their effects on cognition.
Estrogens, in particular, have received attention for their effects on learning and memory that …